Sudden cardiac arrest in gyms: Causes, prevention tips, and urgent advisory issued for young athletes by Punjab government

With a rising number of sudden cardiac arrests among youth during workouts and sports, the Punjab government has introduced a comprehensive health advisory to safeguard the state’s young population. The initiative, unveiled by Punjab Health Minister Dr. Balbir Singh, is titled “Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Among Gym-Goers and Sportspersons” and is part of the government’s “Swasth Punjab – Surakshit Punjab” mission.

The advisory is a collaborative effort by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), and Dayanand Medical College and Hospital (DMCH), aiming to educate youth, gym-goers, and athletes on preventing exercise-related cardiac emergencies.



Understanding sudden cardiac arrest in gym going youth

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) occurs when the heart unexpectedly stops pumping blood, often leading to death if immediate intervention is not provided. Health experts note that SCA in young adults and athletes is frequently caused by:

• Undiagnosed heart conditions such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or arrhythmias
• Excessive use of supplements, energy drinks, or steroids
• High-intensity exercise without proper preparation
• Stress, poor diet, and lack of medical screenings

Even physically fit individuals are at risk, making awareness and preventive measures essential.



Causes of cardiac arrest in gym-goers and athletes

• Lack of pre-exercise screening

Many cases of SCA involve individuals who skipped medical evaluations before engaging in strenuous workouts. Routine screenings can detect heart rhythm disorders, high blood pressure, or other hidden risks.

• Unregulated supplements and performance enhancers

The advisory highlights that quick-result supplements, energy drinks, and steroids can negatively impact the heart and liver, significantly increasing the risk of cardiac arrest.

• Poor gym environment

Experts also discovered that inadequate ventilation and indoor air pollution inside gyms may contribute to exercise-induced cardiac emergencies, especially in high-intensity workout sessions.




Key recommendations to prevent cardiac arrest






The health advisory provides practical strategies for reducing the risk of sudden cardiac arrest among gym-goers and athletes:


Mandatory health screenings:

• ECG, blood pressure, blood sugar, and BMI assessments before starting intense workouts
• Special guidance for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions
• Proper Warm-Up and Cool-Down:
• Reduces stress on the cardiovascular system
• Prevents sudden cardiac strain during and after exercise

Safe supplement use:

• Only use certified, tested supplements
• Avoid energy drinks and steroid-based products

CPR and basic life support (BLS) training:

• Statewide training for gym users, trainers, and athletes
• Ensures timely response during cardiac emergencies

Balanced nutrition and hydration:

• Emphasis on fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains
• Maintain hydration before, during, and after workouts

Stress management and mental health:

• Incorporate relaxation techniques to reduce cardiac stress
• Mental wellness support can lower overall risk

Expert insights on sudden cardiac arrest in gym goers

PAU Vice-Chancellor Dr. Satbir Singh Gosal described the advisory as a “health capsule” created through scientific consultation.

GADVASU Vice-Chancellor Dr. Jatinder Paul Singh Gill emphasized multidisciplinary collaboration, involving cardiology, nephrology, gastroenterology, and nutrition experts.

DMCH Cardiologist Dr. Bishav Mohan noted that most gym-related cardiac arrests are preventable with proper awareness, pre-workout screenings, and responsible exercise habits.





Also Read | Cardiologist reveals 90 minutes of exercise can cut the risk of early death by 15%; what experts say about longevity secrets